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1.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 39(2): 221-223, abr. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388347

ABSTRACT

Resumen Las infecciones parasitarias provocan una enorme carga de enfermedad y constituyen un problema presente para la salud pública. Las enfermedades emergentes o reemergentes se ven influenciadas por fenómenos del mundo actual interconectado producto de la globalización, el desplazamiento de las personas, el comercio, la urbanización descoordinada y el cambio climático, contribuyendo en la transmisión de estas enfermedades. En el año 2021 hubo un aumento de la cantidad de pacientes que han requerido tratamiento para la difilobotriasis en la Región de los Ríos. Se revisan los aspectos relacionados con las redes integradas de servicios de salud para el acceso al tratamiento farmacológico a pacientes con diagnóstico de difilobotriasis, implementado por la Dirección de Servicio de Salud Valdivia, en colaboración con el hospital San José de Osorno, centros de atención primaria y centros privados de la Región de los Ríos.


Abstract Parasitic infections cause a huge burden of disease and are a current public health problem. The category of emerging or re-emerging disease is influenced by phenomena that occur in today's interconnected world because of globalization, the displacement of people, trade, uncoordinated urbanization and climate change, they have a very important influence on transmission of these diseases. In 2021 there was an increase in the number of patients who have required treatment for diphyllobothriasis in the Los Ríos Region. This article reviews aspects related to integrated Health Service networks to provide access to pharmacological treatments to patients diagnosed with diphyllobothriasis (tapeworm infection), implemented by the Valdivia Health Service Department, in collaboration with the San José de Osorno hospital, primary care centers and private centers in the Los Ríos Region.


Subject(s)
Humans , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Diphyllobothriasis/parasitology , Diphyllobothriasis/drug therapy
2.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057209

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To report a schistosomal myeloradiculopathy case in a non-endemic area. Case description: A previously healthy 11-year-old boy, stricken by an acute loss of strength on his lower limbs, followed by a loss of strength on his upper limbs and upper body, associated with altered sensitivity of the vesical globe formation. The patient's cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed eosinophilic meningitis, in addition to peripheral eosinophilia. The investigation resulted in a positive serology for Schistosoma mansoni. The treatment included steroids and praziquantel 60mg/kg, with a new dose after a month, as well as physical therapy for rehabilitation. The patient evolved with clinical improvement in the neurological exam, with a medullary section initially at C6, but now at T6. The patient is kept at prednisolone use (30mg/day) and longterm urinary catheter dependence. Comments: The schistosomiasis is endemic in many regions of Brazil; however, it has low incidence in the south of the country. Among its main manifestations, the schistosomal myeloradiculopathy is the most severe ectopic form of the disease, and should be suspected in patients with low back pain, strength and/or sensibility disorder of the lower limbs or urinary tract's disturbance. Early diagnosis and treatment should be done in order to reduce severe neurological sequelae. Treatment includes schistosomiasis drugs, corticosteroids and/or surgery.


RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar um caso de mielorradiculopatia esquistossomótica em área não endêmica. Descrição do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 11 anos, previamente hígido, com história aguda de paresia de membros inferiores, que evoluiu para membros superiores e tronco, associada à alteração de sensibilidade e formação de globo vesical. O exame do líquor demonstrava meningite eosinofílica, além de eosinofilia periférica. A investigação resultou em sorologia positiva para Schistosoma mansoni. O tratamento foi realizado com corticoterapia e praziquantel 60 mg/kg, com nova dose após um mês, além de fisioterapia para reabilitação. Evoluiu com melhora clínica no exame neurológico, com nível de secção medular que inicialmente correspondia a C6, encontrando-se atualmente em T6. Mantém uso de prednisolona 30 mg/dia e dependência de sonda vesical de demora. Comentários: A esquistossomose é uma doença endêmica em muitas regiões do Brasil, porém com pouca incidência no Sul do país. Dentre as principais manifestações, a mielorradiculopatia esquistossomótica é a forma ectópica mais grave e deve ser suspeitada na vigência de dor lombar, alteração de força e/ ou sensibilidade de membros inferiores e distúrbio urinário. O diagnóstico e o tratamento devem ser instituídos precocemente para diminuir o risco de sequelas neurológicas graves. O tratamento pode ser realizado com esquistossomicidas, corticosteroides e/ ou cirurgia.


Subject(s)
Schistosoma mansoni/isolation & purification , Neuroschistosomiasis/diagnosis , Neuroschistosomiasis/parasitology , Praziquantel/administration & dosage , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Steroids/administration & dosage , Steroids/therapeutic use , Brazil/epidemiology , Treatment Outcome , Neuroschistosomiasis/drug therapy , Neuroschistosomiasis/rehabilitation , Drug Therapy, Combination , Eosinophilia/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis/immunology , Anthelmintics/administration & dosage , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use
4.
Esc. Anna Nery Rev. Enferm ; 23(1): e20180150, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-975236

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To analyze the epidemiological and clinical aspects involved in the transmission and manifestation of schistosomiasis in a community of fishermen from the endemic area of Alagoas. Methods: Epidemiological, transversal, prospective, descriptive, quantitative study. The coproparasitological survey included 275 family units of fish workers and the epidemiological and clinical ones, those with a positive diagnosis for S. mansoni. Results: The prevalence of schistosomiasis was 13.9% (fishermen), 2.1% (shellfish) and 2.1% (family members). The occurrence of the infection varied according to gender, age, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Exposure occurred near the home. Autochthonous and predominant low parasite burden, intestinal clinical presentation, abdominal pain and diarrhea were observed. There were no nutritional and pressure changes associated with parasitosis. Adherence to drug therapy and use of the schistosomicidal drug was feared. Conclusion: Fish workers are at high risk for contracting the disease with clinical hepatointestinal manifestation, which requires more intense health actions.


Resumen Objetivo: Analizar los aspectos epidemiológicos y clínicos involucrados en la transmisión y manifestación de la esquistosomiasis en una comunidad de pescadores de área endémica de Alagoas. Métodos: Estudio epidemiológico, transversal, prospectivo, descriptivo, cuantitativo. La encuesta coproparasitológica contempló 275 unidades familiares de los trabajadores de la pesca y el epidemiológico y clínico, aquellos con diagnóstico positivo para S. mansoni. Resultados: La prevalencia de la esquistosomiasis fue 13,9% (pescadores), 2,1% (marisqueras) y 2,1% (familiares). La ocurrencia de la infección varió según el género, edad, etnia y condición socioeconómica. La exposición ocurrió cerca del domicilio. Se observó autoctonía y predominio de carga parasitaria baja, presentación clínica intestinal, dolor abdominal y diarrea. No hubo alteraciones nutricionales y presión arterial asociadas a la parasitosis. Existia el temor de la adhesión a la terapia medicamentosa y al uso de la droga esquistomicida. Conclusión: Los trabajadores de la pesca presentan alto riesgo para contraer la enfermedad con manifestación clínica hepatointestinal, lo que requiere acciones de salud más intensas.


Resumo Objetivo: Analisar os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos envolvidos na transmissão e manifestação da esquistossomose em uma comunidade de pescadores de área endêmica de Alagoas. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, prospectivo, descritivo, quantitativo. O inquérito coproparasitólogico contemplou 275 unidades familiares de trabalhadores da pesca e o epidemiológico e clínico, àqueles com diagnóstico positivo para S. mansoni. Resultados: A prevalência da esquistossomose foi 13,9% (pescadores), 2,1% (marisqueiras) e 2,1% (familiares). A ocorrência da infecção variou conforme gênero, idade, etnia e condição socioeconômica. A exposição ocorreu próxima ao domicílio. Observou-se autoctonia e predominância de carga parasitária baixa, apresentação clínica intestinal, dor abdominal e diarreia. Não ocorreram alterações nutricionais e pressóricas associadas à parasitose. Houve receio na adesão à terapêutica medicamentosa e ao uso do fármaco esquistossomicida. Conclusão: Os trabalhadores da pesca apresentam alto risco para contrair a doença com manifestação clínica hepatointestinal, o que requer ações de saúde mais fortalecidas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology , Neglected Diseases/epidemiology , Fisheries , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Socioeconomic Factors , Health Profile , Brazil/epidemiology , Occupational Risks , Abdominal Pain/parasitology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Basic Sanitation , Diarrhea/parasitology , Parasite Load
5.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 46(4): 389-394, oct.-dic. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-960584

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los casos de dos niños, hermanos, de los cuales se recibieron muestras de heces fecales en el laboratorio de microbiología del municipio Güines, provincia Mayabeque. Las muestras contenían minúsculos proglótides, que resultaron ser de Inermicapsifer madagascariensis. Luego del tratamiento con praziquantel 10 mg/kg en dosis única, orientado por el servicio de pediatría, se confirmó la expulsión de restos del parásito y la curación de dicha infección, tras resultados negativos por controles repetitivos de heces fecales durante seis meses. Se decide publicar estos raros casos diagnosticados y estimular estudios de campo que permitan completar el ciclo evolutivo de este parásito(AU)


We are presenting the cases of two sibling children, from whom samples of faeces were received in the microbiology laboratory of the Güines municipality, Mayabeque province. The samples contained tiny proglottids, which turned out to be from Inermicapsifer madagascariensis. After treatment with Praziquantel 10 mg/kg in a single dose, guided by the pediatric service, the expulsion of parasite remains and the cure of this infection were confirmed, after negative results due to repetitive controls of faecal stools for six months. It is decided to publish these rare diagnosed cases and stimulate field studies to complete the evolutionary cycle of this parasite(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Child, Preschool , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods , Helminthiasis/microbiology
6.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 53(1): 5-14, jan.-mar. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-832724

ABSTRACT

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the brain infection caused by larval stages of the helminth Taenia solium. The embryos of Taenia travel through the bloodstream and can reach the brain, muscles, eyes, and various organs. In the brain, the psychiatric manifestations are mood disorders, depression and anxiety, which are commonly associated with epilepsy and sensory-motor deficits. Neurocysticercosis is a frequent parasitic disease in the world population; it is endemic in Central and South America, Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. In the present review, we report the major symptoms and signals of neurocysticercosis common to neurological and psychiatric illnesses. We briefly present Epidemiology of those manifestations and analyze the relationship between pathological changes and NCC symptomatology. OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY: A literature review was conducted to characterize epidemiological, neurological and psychiatric manifestations of NCC. The final 90 papers were selected of a set of 937 publications from 2010 to 2016. RESULTS: NCC is a major cause of epilepsy in endemic areas; further- more, leads to a diversity of motor and sensitive deficits, manifestations vary from headache to severe intracranial hypertension. Potentially fatal conditions include arteritis, encephalitis and hydrocephalus. Depression and cognitive decline remain among the most important psychiatric manifestations. Neuropsychiatric manifestations, Epidemiology, and neuroimaging provide diagnostic criteria. Brain scans may reveal one or diverse cysts filled with fluid within a scolex (parasite's head). CONCLUSION: NCC's diversity of presentations encourage health professionals to consider it in diagnoses, especially in endemic countries, and also in non-endemic areas because migrants and travelers are subject to contagious. Treatment consists in use of antiparasitic drugs (albendazol, praziquantel) and drugs to treat associated conditions (anticonvulsants, corticosteroids). Surgery is reserved to extirpate the parasite from particular locations (eyes, spinal cord, cerebral ventricles) or to differentiate NCC from tumors, tuberculosis, mycosis, etc. Prevention includes treatment of intestinal helminthiasis, sanitation in animal farming, food preparing hygiene, quality control of water and food.


Neurocisticercose é a infecção cerebral causada pelos estágios lar- vais do helminto Taenia solium. Os embriões da Taenia deslocam-se através da corrente sanguínea e podem atingir o cérebro, músculos, olhos e vários órgãos. No cérebro, as manifestações psiquiátricas são transtornos de humor, depressão e ansiedade, as quais estão comumente associados com epilepsia e deficiências sensório-motoras. Neurocisticercose é uma parasitose frequente na população mundial, é endêmica na América Central e do Sul, Ásia e África subsaariana. Na presente revisão, relatamos os principais sintomas e sinais de neurocisticercose pertinentes a doenças neurológicas e psiquiátricas. Nós brevemente apresentamos a Epidemiologia dessas manifestações, e analisamos a relação entre alterações patológicas e sintomatologia da NCC. OBJETIVOS E METODOLOGIA: Uma revisão da literatura foi conduzida para caracterizar a epidemiologia, as manifestações neurológicas e psiquiátricas de NCC. Os 90 artigos finais foram selecionados de um conjunto de 937 publicações entre 2010 a 2016. RESULTADOS: NCC é uma importante etiologia de epilepsia em áreas endêmicas, além disso causa uma diversidade de deficiências motoras e sensoriais, as manifestações variam de cefaleia a severa hipertensão intracraniana. Condições potencialmente fatais incluem arterites, encefalites e hidrocefalia. Depressão e declíneo cognitive permanecem entre as mais importantes manifestações psiquiátricas. Manifestações neuropsiquiátricas, epidemiologia e neuroimagem provêm os critérios de diagnóstico. As imagens cerebrais podem revelar um ou diversos cistos preenchidos com líquido e o escólex (cabeça) do parasito. CONCLUSÕES: A diversidade de apresentações da NCC encoraja os profissionais de saúde a considerá-la dentre os diagnósticos, especialmente em países endêmicos; e também em áreas não-endêmicas, pois migrantes e viajantes estão sujeitos ao contágio. O tratamento consiste no uso de antiparasíticos (albendazol, praziquantel) e medicamentos para tratar condições associadas (anticonvulsivantes, corticosteróides). Cirurgia é reservada para remoção do parasito de locais particulares (olhos, medula espinhal, ventrículos cerebrais) ou para diferenciar NCC de tumores, tuberculose, micose, etc. Prevenção inclui o tratamento de helmintíases intestinais, sanidade animal, higiene ao preparar alimentos, controle da qualidade da água e alimentos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neurocysticercosis/complications , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Incidence , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Neurocysticercosis/drug therapy , Taenia solium/pathogenicity , Depression/etiology , Epilepsy/etiology , Neuroimaging/methods , Hydrocephalus/etiology
7.
An. bras. dermatol ; 91(1): 109-110, Jan.-Feb. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-776431

ABSTRACT

Abstract Cutaneous schistosomiasis is a rare clinical manifestation of schistosomiasis, an infectious and parasitic disease, caused in Brazil by the trematode Schistosoma mansoni. The lesions are due to the deposition of eggs or, rarely, adult worms, usually involving the genital and groin areas. Extra-genital lesions occur mainly on the torso as papules of zosteriform appearance. The case of a patient with ectopic cutaneous schistosomiasis is reported in this article, due to the rarity of its occurrence and its difficult clinical diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Schistosomiasis mansoni/pathology , Skin Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Abdominal Wall , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Schistosomiasis mansoni/etiology , Skin Diseases, Parasitic/etiology , Treatment Outcome
8.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2016. 118 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-942649

ABSTRACT

A inflamação constitui um mecanismo de defesa local, porém, a falta de controle dessa reação pode causar severos danos aos tecidos. As células-tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) podem se diferenciar em múltiplos tipos celulares in vitro e in vivo, contribuindo, por exemplo, para o reparo de tecidos. Além disso, vários estudos demonstraram que as CTMs interagem com células da imunidade inata e adaptativa, levando a modulação negativa de várias funções efetoras, contribuindo assim, para a redução da inflamação. Entretanto, o efeito dessas células sobre a resposta inflamatória associada com doenças infecciosas e parasitárias, como a esquistossomose, ainda é pouco conhecido. Portanto o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das CTMs derivadas do tecido adiposo (CTM-TA) na reação granulomatosa decorrente da esquistossomose mansoni experimental.


Para isto, as CTM-TA foram caracterizadas fenotípica e funcionalmente, por meio da citometria de fluxo, bem como pela indução da diferenciação osteogênica e adipogênica. Posteriormente, as CTM-TA foram injetadas por via intravenosa em camundongos C57BL/6 infectados por Schistosoma mansoni,tratados ou não com praziquantel (PZQ). Após 15, 30 e 60 dias do tratamento, foram feitas análises histológicas do baço e fígado dos camundongos, bem como do perfil leucocitário e dosagem da enzima alanina aminotransferase (ALT) sérica. Os resultados mostraram que a recuperação do grupo de camundongos infectados e tratados com as CTM-TA associadas ao PZQ foi superior ao do grupo tratado apenas com PZQ. Observamos também melhorias na estrutura histológica do fígado, na arquitetura do espaço portal, redução do infiltrado inflamatório portal, na simplificação da constituição celular dos granulomas, fase do granuloma avançada e fibrosa com cicatrização parcial das lesões, melhoria da atividade inflamatória periportal e do parênquima. Além disso, observamos diminuição significativa dos níveis séricos da enzima ALT, e do tamanho dos granulomas, no tratamento associado. Em conclusão, os resultados mostraram que as CTM-TA controlaram a resposta inflamatória decorrente da infecção pelo S. mansoni, principalmente quando associadas ao praziquantel.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Schistosoma mansoni/pathogenicity , Schistosomiasis mansoni/drug therapy
9.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 515-524, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-160912

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study was to conduct a survey on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections in order to come up with feasible control strategies in Lake Victoria basin, Tanzania. Depending on the size of the school, 150-200 schoolchildren were recruited for the study. Duplicate Kato-Katz stool smears were prepared from each child and microscopically examined for Schistosoma mansoni and STHs. Urine specimens were examined for Schistosoma haematobium eggs using the filtration technique. After the survey, mass drug administration was done using praziquantel and albendazole for schistosomiasis and STHs infections, respectively. A total of 5,952 schoolchildren from 36 schools were recruited for the study and had their stool and urine specimens examined. Out of 5,952 schoolchildren, 898 (15.1%) were positive for S. mansoni, 754 (12.6%) for hookworms, 188 (3.2%) for Ascaris lumblicoides, and 5 (0.008%) for Trichuris trichiura. Out of 5,826 schoolchildren who provided urine samples, 519 (8.9%) were positive for S. haematobium eggs. The results revealed that intestinal schistosomiasis, urogenital schistosomiasis, and STH infections are highly prevalent throughought the lake basin. The high prevalence of intestinal and urogenital schistosomisiasis in the study area was a function of the distance from Lake Victoria, the former being more prevalent at localities close to the lake, whilst the latter is more so away from it. Control of schistosomiasis and STHs in the study area requires an integrated strategy that involves provision of health education to communities, regular treatments, and provision of adequate safe water supply and sanitation facilities.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Animals , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Feces/parasitology , Helminthiasis/drug therapy , Helminths/classification , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/drug therapy , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Prevalence , Schistosomiasis/drug therapy , Schools , Students , Tanzania/epidemiology , Urine/parasitology
10.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 525-533, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-160911

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to carry out a community survey on schistosomiais and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections in order to suggest feasible and effective intervention strategies in Lake Victoria basin, Tanzania. A total of 37 communities selected from 23 districts of the 4 regions in the Lake Victoria basin of Tanzania were involved in the study. From each of the selected locality, 50 adult community members, 25 males and 25 females, were recruited for the study. Each study participant was requested to submit stool and urine specimens. From each stool specimen, duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears were prepared and microscopically examined for Schistosoma mansoni and STH eggs. Urine specimens were processed by the filtration technique and microscopically examined for Schistosoma haematobium eggs. Ultrasound examination for morbidity due to schistosomiasis was performed. Mass treatment was done using praziquantel and albendazole for schistosome and STHs infections, respectively. Out of 1,606 adults who provided stool specimens, 199 (12.4%) were positive for S. mansoni, 349 (21.7%) for hookworms, 133 (8.3%) for Ascaris lumbricoides, and 33 (2.0%) for Trichuris trichiura. Out of 1,400 participants who provided urine specimens, 25 (1.8%) were positive for S. haematobium eggs. Because of the co-endemicity of these afflictions and their impact on vulnerable population groups, the helminthiasis could be simultaneously treated with 2 drugs, praziquantel for schistosomiasis and albendazole for STHs.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Feces/parasitology , Helminthiasis/drug therapy , Helminths/classification , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/drug therapy , Lakes , Microscopy , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Prevalence , Schistosomiasis/drug therapy , Tanzania/epidemiology , Urine/parasitology
11.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 109-112, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-130552

ABSTRACT

Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense are morphologically similar to each other, and only genetic method can differentiate clearly between the 2 species. A strobila of diphyllobothriid tapeworm discharged from a 7-year-old boy was analyzed to identify the species by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene sequencing. He and his family (total 4 persons) ate slices of 3 kinds of raw fish 16 days before visiting our outpatient clinic. All family members complained of abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. They all expelled tapeworm strobilae in their stools. They were treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel and then complained of no more symptoms. The cox1 gene sequencing of the strobila from the boy revealed 99.9% (687/688 bp) similarity with D. nihonkaiense and only 93.2% (641/688 bp) similarity with D. latum. Thus, we assigned this tapeworm as D. nihonkaiense. This is the first report of D. nihonkaiense infection in a family in Korea, and this report includes the 8th pediatric case in Korea. The current report is meaningful because D. nihonkaiense infection within a family is rare.


Subject(s)
Animals , Child , Humans , Male , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Diphyllobothriasis/diagnosis , Diphyllobothrium/classification , Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics , Family Health , Korea , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Treatment Outcome
12.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 109-112, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-130545

ABSTRACT

Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense are morphologically similar to each other, and only genetic method can differentiate clearly between the 2 species. A strobila of diphyllobothriid tapeworm discharged from a 7-year-old boy was analyzed to identify the species by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene sequencing. He and his family (total 4 persons) ate slices of 3 kinds of raw fish 16 days before visiting our outpatient clinic. All family members complained of abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. They all expelled tapeworm strobilae in their stools. They were treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel and then complained of no more symptoms. The cox1 gene sequencing of the strobila from the boy revealed 99.9% (687/688 bp) similarity with D. nihonkaiense and only 93.2% (641/688 bp) similarity with D. latum. Thus, we assigned this tapeworm as D. nihonkaiense. This is the first report of D. nihonkaiense infection in a family in Korea, and this report includes the 8th pediatric case in Korea. The current report is meaningful because D. nihonkaiense infection within a family is rare.


Subject(s)
Animals , Child , Humans , Male , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Diphyllobothriasis/diagnosis , Diphyllobothrium/classification , Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics , Family Health , Korea , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Treatment Outcome
13.
An. bras. dermatol ; 89(4): 646-648, Jul-Aug/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-715532

ABSTRACT

Schistosomiasis is best known in its visceral form but it can attack the skin, its ectopic cutaneous manifestation being rare and clinically difficult to diagnose. It is characterized by isolated or coalescent papules, erythematous, pruritic or asymptomatic, with zosteriform distribution, often located on the trunk. The authors report a case of a 28-year-old female patient with lesions on the abdomen, with positive stool results for Schistosoma and absence of active symptoms of visceral disease. The case reveals rare exuberant cutaneous manifestation and the importance of the diagnosis of this entity in patients from endemic regions.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Schistosomiasis/pathology , Skin Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Schistosomiasis/drug therapy , Skin Diseases, Parasitic/drug therapy , Skin/parasitology , Treatment Outcome
14.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2014. XX, 78 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-940881

ABSTRACT

Atualmente, a droga utilizada no tratamento da esquistossomose é o praziquantel (PZQ). Alguns casos de isolados de S. mansoni resistentes ao PZQ no campo e em laboratório já foram relatados. Estes relatos refletem uma parcela ínfima do problema real, devido às dificuldades para a comprovação dessa resistência em condições de laboratório. Recentemente, nosso grupo conseguiu induzir resistência,em laboratório, a uma cepa de S. mansoni, utilizando sucessivos tratamentos com PZQ em B. glabrata infectadas com o S. mansoni (cepa LE-PZQ). Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo geral avaliar a resistência/ suscetibilidade da cepa LEPZQ ao longo de seu desenvolvimento no hospedeiro vertebrado bem como avaliara ação do PZQ em cercárias sensíveis e resistentes ao PZQ a fim obter um teste rápido para detecção de resistência e, por fim, estudar o envolvimento das proteínas SMDR2, SmMRP1 e SmMVP na resistência do S. mansoni ao PZQ. Para isso,camundongos infectados com a cepa LE-PZQ ou com a cepa suscetível (LE) foram tratados com PZQ após 2, 6, 16, 23 e 45 dias de infecção.


Os resultados mostraram maior recuperação de vermes da cepa resistente tratadas com PZQ após 16 e 23 dias de infecção em comparação com a cepa LE. Outro objetivo do nosso estudo foi avaliar a perda da cauda de cercárias LE e LE-PZQ após 1 e 2 horas de contato com o PZQ em diferentes concentrações. Cercárias LE-PZQ apresentaram uma perda da cauda estatisticamente menor após exposição nas diferentes concentrações de PZQ por 1 ou 2 horas. Artigos sobre resistência à multidrogas(MDR) têm sido importantes para estudo de resistência em diversos organismos. Por isso, investigamos os níveis de RNA de SMDR2 e SMRP1 por qRT-PCR. SMDR2 mostrou níveis maiores em fêmeas quando comparados com machos e vermes empares na cepa LE. Na cepa LE-PZQ, vermes fêmeas apresentaram níveis maiores quando comparados apenas com vermes machos. Quando comparadas as duas cepas, a resistente apresentou níveis estatisticamente maiores em machos, fêmea se vermes em pares. SmMRP1 demonstrou expressão significativamente maior em machos e machos e fêmeas nas duas cepas quando comparados com fêmeas. Na comparação entre a cepa sensível e a resistente, a LE-PZQ apresentou maiores níveis de expressão em machos e vermes em pares. Investigamos também os níveis de RNA e proteínas de SmMVP. Foi possível observar que SmMVP está diferencialmente expressa entre machos, fêmeas e vermes em pares quando comparados entre si em cada cepa e quando compara-se cepa sensível e resistente.


Subject(s)
Animals , Guinea Pigs , Mice , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Schistosoma mansoni/parasitology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/therapy
15.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2014. XX, 78 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-760544

ABSTRACT

Atualmente, a droga utilizada no tratamento da esquistossomose é o praziquantel (PZQ). Alguns casos de isolados de S. mansoni resistentes ao PZQ no campo e em laboratório já foram relatados. Estes relatos refletem uma parcela ínfima do problema real, devido às dificuldades para a comprovação dessa resistência em condições de laboratório. Recentemente, nosso grupo conseguiu induzir resistência,em laboratório, a uma cepa de S. mansoni, utilizando sucessivos tratamentos com PZQ em B. glabrata infectadas com o S. mansoni (cepa LE-PZQ). Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo geral avaliar a resistência/ suscetibilidade da cepa LEPZQ ao longo de seu desenvolvimento no hospedeiro vertebrado bem como avaliara ação do PZQ em cercárias sensíveis e resistentes ao PZQ a fim obter um teste rápido para detecção de resistência e, por fim, estudar o envolvimento das proteínas SMDR2, SmMRP1 e SmMVP na resistência do S. mansoni ao PZQ. Para isso,camundongos infectados com a cepa LE-PZQ ou com a cepa suscetível (LE) foram tratados com PZQ após 2, 6, 16, 23 e 45 dias de infecção...


Os resultados mostraram maior recuperação de vermes da cepa resistente tratadas com PZQ após 16 e 23 dias de infecção em comparação com a cepa LE. Outro objetivo do nosso estudo foi avaliar a perda da cauda de cercárias LE e LE-PZQ após 1 e 2 horas de contato com o PZQ em diferentes concentrações. Cercárias LE-PZQ apresentaram uma perda da cauda estatisticamente menor após exposição nas diferentes concentrações de PZQ por 1 ou 2 horas. Artigos sobre resistência à multidrogas(MDR) têm sido importantes para estudo de resistência em diversos organismos. Por isso, investigamos os níveis de RNA de SMDR2 e SMRP1 por qRT-PCR. SMDR2 mostrou níveis maiores em fêmeas quando comparados com machos e vermes empares na cepa LE. Na cepa LE-PZQ, vermes fêmeas apresentaram níveis maiores quando comparados apenas com vermes machos. Quando comparadas as duas cepas, a resistente apresentou níveis estatisticamente maiores em machos, fêmea se vermes em pares. SmMRP1 demonstrou expressão significativamente maior em machos e machos e fêmeas nas duas cepas quando comparados com fêmeas. Na comparação entre a cepa sensível e a resistente, a LE-PZQ apresentou maiores níveis de expressão em machos e vermes em pares. Investigamos também os níveis de RNA e proteínas de SmMVP. Foi possível observar que SmMVP está diferencialmente expressa entre machos, fêmeas e vermes em pares quando comparados entre si em cada cepa e quando compara-se cepa sensível e resistente...


Subject(s)
Animals , Guinea Pigs , Mice , Schistosomiasis mansoni/therapy , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Schistosoma mansoni/parasitology
16.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 541-543, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-7389

ABSTRACT

Sparganosis is a rare parasitic disease caused by migrating plerocercoid tapeworm larva of the genus Spirometra. Infection in humans is mainly caused by the ingestion of raw or inadequately cooked flesh of infected frogs, snakes, and chickens. Here, we report a rare case of a 45-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital with left lower chest pain. The chest radiograph and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed localized pleural effusion in the left lower lobe; further, peripheral blood eosinophilia and eosinophilic pleural effusion were present. Percutaneous catheter drainage was performed, which revealed long worm-shaped material that was identified as a sparganum by DNA sequencing. The patient showed clinical improvement after drainage of the sparganum. This study demonstrates the importance of considering parasitic diseases in the differential diagnosis of eosinophilic pleural effusion.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Eosinophilia/etiology , Pleurisy/etiology , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Sparganosis/complications , Sparganum/isolation & purification
17.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 545-549, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-7388

ABSTRACT

Sparganosis is an infection with a parasitic tapeworm larva that occurs by eating infected foods or drinking contaminated water. The larvae can migrate to a tissue or muscle in the chest, abdominal wall, extremities, eyes, brain, urinary tract, pleura, pericardium, spinal canal, or scrotum. Herein, we report a 5-month old infant with scrotal sparganosis who was initially suspected to have a scrotal inflammatory mass with a history of applying raw frog meat into the umbilicus. Preoperative ultrasound examinations and computed tomography (CT) scanning misdiagnosed the mass as a scrotal teratoma. The scrotal mass was surgically removed, and the histopathology proved it to be scrotal sparganosis. This case displays the youngest patient ever reported with scrotal sparganosis, and the first description of CT characteristics of scrotal sparganosis. A detailed medical history is necessary for patients with scrotal masses suspected of sparganosis. In addition, ultrasound and CT examinations are helpful to rule out other causes of a scrotal mass.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Male , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Sparganosis/diagnosis
18.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology ; : 298-301, 2014.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-190504

ABSTRACT

The main causes of biliary obstruction are stones and cancers. Fascioliasis is a very rare case which causes biliary obstruction. Fascioliasis is a zoonosis caused by Fasciola hepatica which infects herbivores like sheep and cattle. F. hepatica lives in the biliary system or the liver parenchyma of a host. In Korea, the occurrence of this infection in human is very rare and only few cases have been reported. A 32-year-old male presented with upper abdominal pain and jaundice. His laboratory finding revealed elevated liver transaminases. Abdomen CT scan showed mild left intrahepatic bile duct dilatation. On ERCP, adult F. hepatica worms were found and were thus removed. Concurrently, clonorchiasis was diagnosed by stool exam and serologic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test. Clonorchiasis was treated with praziquantel. Herein, we report a case of intrahepatic bile duct dilatation due to F. hepatica infection with concurrent Clonorchis sinensis infestation.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Humans , Male , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use , Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic , Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde , Clonorchiasis/complications , Clonorchis sinensis/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fasciola/isolation & purification , Fascioliasis/complications , Liver/enzymology , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Transaminases/metabolism
19.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 197-199, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-121887

ABSTRACT

Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense are the 2 reported main causes of human diphyllobothriasis in the Republic of Korea. However, the differentiation of these 2 species based on morphologic features alone is difficult. The authors used nucleotide sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene to diagnose Diphyllobothrium spp. Two patients visited the emergency room at Kyungpook National University Hospital on 3 April and 12 April 2013, respectively, with fragments of parasites found while defecating. The parasites were identified as Diphyllobothrium spp. based on morphologic characteristics, and subsequent cox1 gene sequencing showed 99.9% similarity (1,478/1,480 bp) with D. nihonkaiense. Our findings support the hypothesis that D. nihonkaiense is a dominant species in Korea.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Base Sequence , DNA, Helminth/genetics , Diphyllobothriasis/diagnosis , Diphyllobothrium/genetics , Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics , Mitochondria/enzymology , Phylogeny , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Republic of Korea , Sequence Analysis, DNA
20.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 677-680, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-124055

ABSTRACT

Infection cases of diphyllobothriid tapeworms are not much in the below teen-age group. We report a case of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense infection in a 13-year-old boy. He presented with severe fatigue, occasional abdominal pain at night time. He also had several episodes of tapeworm segment discharge in his stools. By his past history, he had frequently eaten raw fish including salmon and trout with his families. Numerous eggs of diphyllobothriid tapeworm were detected in the fecal examination. We introduced amidotrizoic acid as a cathartic agent through nasogastroduodenal tube and let nearly whole length (4.75 m) of D. nihonkaiense be excreted through his anus. After a single dose of praziquantel, the child's stool showed no further eggs, and his symptoms disappeared. The evacuated worm was identified as D. nihonkaiense by mitochondrial cox1 gene analysis. Here we report a successful extracorporeal worm extraction from an infection case of D. nihonkaiense by the injection of amidotrizoic acid.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Animals , Humans , Male , Antiparasitic Agents/therapeutic use , Cyclooxygenase 1/genetics , Diatrizoate Meglumine/therapeutic use , Diphyllobothriasis/drug therapy , Diphyllobothrium/classification , Feces/parasitology , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Sequence Analysis, DNA
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